OPSC OCS 2022 · Question 67 of 98
General Studies
Eight principles of good governance Citing from the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (UNESCAP), the concept of good governance has eight principles. 1. Participation Participation in the concept of good governance here is an opportunity for everyone to voice their opinions through institutions or representations. In addition, everyone, without exception, has the right to freedom of association and expression. 2. Rule of law To implement good governance, the legal framework in the country must be enforced impartially, especially concerning human rights law. 3. Transparency Transparency means that every policy taken and implemented by the government must be carried out under existing regulations. In addition, there must be a guarantee that any information related to the policy can be accessed by everyone, especially those who are directly affected by the policy. 4. Responsiveness Good governance needs institutions and processes to attempt to serve all stakeholders within a reasonable time. 5. Consensus oriented This fifth principle is related to the decision-making process. When the decision-making process cannot accommodate everyone's wishes, then at a minimum, the decision must be a decision that can be accepted by everyone and does not harm anyone. 6. Equity and inclusiveness Good governance ensures justice for the community. Everyone has the same opportunity to maintain and improve their welfare. 7. Effectiveness and efficiency Every decision-making process and its institutions must be able to produce decisions that meet every community need. Community resources must also be utilised optimally by the government. 8. Accountability All institutions involved in good governance have full responsibility to the public for the sake of improving the quality of society.
Source: OPSC OCS (2022) Preliminary GS Paper-I; answers per Apti Plus Academy compilation (to be verified against official OPSC key)
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