Consider the following regarding the Revolt of 1857. 1. Indore troops had joined the Revolt against the wish of their king. 2. Mangal Pandey was executed at Meerut. 3. Tantia Tope was active both at Kanpur and Jhanshi. 4. Sindhia sought refuge from the British at Agra. Which of the following are correct?

Explanation

Maharajadhiraj Raj Rajeshwar Sawai Shri Sir Tukoji Rao II Holkar XI Bahadur. In the Indian Rebellion of 1857, Indore State stayed loyal to the British side. The flames of the first war of Indian independence spread rapidly in many parts of Central India as the sipahis as well as local rajas, zamindars, and their retainers rose up and attacked British military stations and cantonments. Indore too joined the movement, spearheaded by Saadat Khan, an officer in the cavalry unit of Maharaja Tukoji Rao Holkar II, the ruler of Indore. With other revolutionaries, Saadat Khan, strategically planned and executed an early morning surprise attack against the British officials in their Indore Residency. The British officials failed to resist the revolutionaries and it resulted in the killing of 39 people inside, while others fled along with Colonel Durand and Colonel Travers, abandoning the Residency. However, in subsequent battles, Saadat Khan was defeated by the overwhelming might of British arms, but managed to escape. He managed to evade capture and continued to wage further struggle till September 1874, when he was finally captured and executed. Mangal Pandey's execution took place on 8 April 1857, before all of the Indian and British units stationed in Barrackpore. After the rebellion in Cawnpore (Kanpur) broke out on 5 June 1857, Nana Saheb became the leader of the rebels. When the British forces at Cawnpore surrendered on 25 June 1857, Nana was declared Peshwa in late June. After a defeat, Nana's troops had to withdraw to Bithur, after which Havelock crossed the Ganges and retreated to Awadh. Tantia Tope began to act in Nana Saheb's name from Bithur. Tantia Tope was one of the leaders of the massacre of Cawnpore, which occurred on 27 June 1857. Afterwards, Tope held a good defensive position until he was driven out by the British force on 16 July 1857. Afterward, he defeated General Cyrill in the Second Battle of Cawnpore, which started on 19 November 1857 and continued for seventeen days. Tope and his army were defeated when the British counterattacked under Sir Colin Campbell. Tope and other rebels fled the scene and had to take shelter with the Rani of Jhansi, while aiding her as well. The Scindias were backing the Britishers. As a written proof, Rahamani shows page No. 152 from Bipin Chandra's book The History of Modern India where Bipin Chandra writes, She captured Gwalior with the help of Tantia Tope and her trusted Afghan guards. Maharaja Scindia, loyal to the Britishers, made an attempt to fight the Rani, but most of his troops deserted him. Scindia sought refuge with English at Agra.