MPSC State Service 2021 · CSAT · Question 11 of 73

Passage: Read the following passage and answer the questions: Population Growth Population growth is a serious issue not only in India but all over the World. India is second largest country after China. It is estimated by 2035 India is going to surpass China and becoming number one, if population growth goes unchecked. Demography is the science of population. It includes mortality, fertility and migration as three decisive components of population growth. Its main concerns are the measurements and discovery of uniformities in the basic processes of human birth, death, population movement and population growth. Prof. Melthus well known thinker on the issue of population suggested two basic postulates (i) Food is necessary for the existence of man and (ii) Passion between the sexes is necessary. According to him, population if goes unchecked increases in a geometric ratio (1,2, 4,8 … ) while the subsitence increases only in an arithmetic ratio (1, 2,3, 4, … ). He advocated two checks on population i.e.. positive checks and preventive checks. Population variables are of two kinds - stock and flow. The important source of information is national censuses which is carried out in India after every ten years. Population enumeration is due in 2021. This document is considered as primary which reflects on the trends of growth, rate of fertility, rate of mortality, migration, rural - urban population, sex ratio, population of the scheduled castes and scheduled tribes etc. Needless to say, it helps to the policy planners and demographers to adopt appropriate policy measures to handle the population growth. Taking into account the unchecked growth of the population the policy instituted by the government of India to influence atleast one of the demographic components of population change. Population policy seek to enhance the welfare of the society collectively. An effective population policy rests upon knowledge about the demographic trends, its likely future course, and its causes and consequences. In short population policy promote small family norms, delayed marriage for girls, control the spread of communicable diseases, reduce infant mortality rate, immunization programmes for children etc. All these measures, if implemented properly, will definitely bring down the growth of population. In order to control the population growth in India which of the following measure/s is/are important? (a) Increase in infant mortality rate (b) Employment to men (c) To promote late marriages of the girls (d) To promote fertility rate

Reading Comprehension

1. AOnly (d) is correct
2. BOnly (a) is correct
3. COnly (c) is correctCorrect
4. D(b) and (c) correct